Minggu, 09 Mei 2021

Structure And Function Of The Major Histocompatibility Complex...

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the cluster of gene arranged within a long continuous stretch of DNA on β2 microglobulin is a protein encoded by a highly conserved gene located on different chromosome. MHC-I molecules are found on surface of all nucleated cells. MHC class-IIMajor histocompatibility (MHC) antigens Histocompatibility antigens that cause a very strong The MHC complex contains a number of genes that control several antigens, most of which influence The responder T cells will recognize the foreign class II antigens found on the donor and undergo...Find the answer to this question here. Super convenient online flashcards for studying and checking your answers! ? Hint A.1 MHC proteins are "self-proteins" that cradle antigens for presentation to T cells. ANSWER: antigen-presenting cells all nucleated cells.MHC, or Major histocompatibility complex, is a very important part of the immune response that the body gives against an invading pathogen, or other foreign substances. There are three types in the human body, Class I, Class II and Class III and each of them will play a role on the cellular...Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules present peptide fragments to T cells for immune recognition. Current predictors for peptide to MHC-II binding are trained on binding affinity data, generated in vitro and therefore lacking information about antigen processing.

Mhc: genetics and role in transplantation | Types of graft (figure 1)

Proteins of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) bind self and nonself peptide antigens or epitopes within the cell and present them at the cell surface for recognition by T cells. The MHC class II proteins are extremely polymorphic. Polymorphic residues cluster in the peptide-binding...The two classes of MHC proteins are displayed on different cell types. Class I MHC proteins are found on almost all nucleated cells, including killer T cells. Class II MHC proteins present peptides to a class of lymphocytes known as helper lymphocytes, which stimulate antibody production against...MHC class I molecules are one of two primary classes of major histocompatibility complex is loaded onto MHC class II molecule following release of the invariant chain in an acidified HLA proteins that code for MHC class I molecules are found on all nucleated cells throughout the body...Gene type. protein coding. RefSeq status. Two peptides of the CA domain of HIV-1 Gag, VDRFYKTLRAEQASQ and DRFYKLTRAEQASQ, are presented on MHC II molecules of dendritic cells and have similar sensitivity for antigen-specific T cells.

Mhc: genetics and role in transplantation | Types of graft (figure 1)

Class Ii Mhc Proteins Are Found On Which Of The Following Cell...

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that encode proteins on the cell The MHC class I complex at the surface of the cell disconnects over time, leading to internalization This can lead to rejection of the transplanted tissue. The MHC is involved in the direct mechanism of...The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a collection of genes coding for MHC molecules found on the surface of all nucleated cells of the Both types of MHC molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins that assemble as dimers in the cytoplasmic membrane of cells, but their structures are...MHC Class II molecules are a class of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules normally found only on professional antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, mononuclear phagocytes...Antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins is essential for adaptive immunity. A good match of the peptide and the MHC binding groove is an important, but certainly not the Major histocompatibility complex class II proteins fold in the ER in complex with a protein...MHC Class I molecules detect protein fragments from nonself proteins within the cell. MHC Class II molecules present antigens to other cells of the immune system to initiate an immunological MHC I are found on the cell surfaces of all nucleated cells. MHC II is found in antigen presenting cells...

1

Lemos, M. P., Fan, L., Lo, D. & Laufer, T. M. CD8α+ and CD11b+ dendritic cell-restricted MHC class II controls Th1 CD4+ T cell immunity. J. Immunol. 171, 5077–5084 (2003).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

2

Lemos, M. P., Esquivel, F., Scott, P. & Laufer, T. M. MHC class II expression limited to CD8α+ and CD11b+ dendritic cells is sufficient for keep an eye on of Leishmania main. J. Exp. Med. 199, 725–730 (2004).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

3

Sokol, C. L. et al. Basophils function as antigen-presenting cells for an allergen-induced T helper form 2 response. Nature Immunol. 10, 713–720 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

4

Perrigoue, J. G. et al. MHC class II-dependent basophil-CD4+ T cell interactions promote TH2 cytokine-dependent immunity. Nature Immunol. 10, 697–705 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

5

Gregory, G. D., Robbie-Ryan, M., Secor, V. H., Sabatino, J. J. Jr & Brown, M. A. Mast cells are required for optimum autoreactive T cell responses in a murine type of multiple sclerosis. Eur. J. Immunol. 35, 3478–3486 (2005).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

6

Maurer, M. et al. Skin mast cells control T cell-dependent host protection in Leishmania major infections. FASEB J. 20, 2460–2467 (2006).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

7

Frandji, P. et al. Antigen-dependent stimulation through bone marrow-derived mast cells of MHC class II-restricted T cell hybridoma. J. Immunol. 151, 6318–6328 (1993).

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

8

Fox, C. C., Jewell, S. D. & Whitacre, C. C. Rat peritoneal mast cells present antigen to a PPD-specific T cell line. Cell. Immunol. 158, 253–264 (1994).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

9

Dimitriadou, V. et al. Expression of practical major histocompatibility advanced class II molecules on HMC-1 human mast cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 64, 791–799 (1998).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

10

Poncet, P., Arock, M. & David, B. MHC class II-dependent activation of CD4+ T cell hybridomas by way of human mast cells through superantigen presentation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66, 105–112 (1999).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

11

Frandji, P. et al. Presentation of soluble antigens by way of mast cells: upregulation by way of interleukin-4 and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating issue and downregulation via interferon-γ. Cell. Immunol. 163, 37–46 (1995).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

12

Frandji, P. et al. Exogenous and endogenous antigens are differentially introduced by mast cells to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Eur. J. Immunol. 26, 2517–2528 (1996).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

13

Skokos, D. et al. Mast cell-derived exosomes induce phenotypic and practical maturation of dendritic cells and elicit particular immune responses in vivo. J. Immunol. 170, 3037–3045 (2003).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

14

Tkaczyk, C. et al. In vitro and in vivo immunostimulatory attainable of bone marrow-derived mast cells on B- and T-lymphocyte activation. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 105, 134–142 (2000).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

15

Skokos, D. et al. Mast cell-dependent B and T lymphocyte activation is mediated through the secretion of immunologically active exosomes. J. Immunol. 166, 868–876 (2001).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

16

Raposo, G. et al. Accumulation of major histocompatibility advanced class II molecules in mast cell secretory granules and their liberate upon degranulation. Mol. Biol. Cell 8, 2631–2645 (1997).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

17

Nakae, S. et al. Mast cells make stronger T cell activation: significance of mast cell costimulatory molecules and secreted TNF. J. Immunol. 176, 2238–2248 (2006).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

18

Kambayashi, T. et al. Indirect involvement of allergen-captured mast cells in antigen presentation. Blood 111, 1489–1496 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

19

Nakano, N. et al. Notch signaling confers antigen-presenting cell functions on mast cells. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 123, 74–81. e1 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

20

Kambayashi, T. et al. Inducible MHC class II expression by mast cells supports effector and regulatory T cell activation. J. Immunol. 182, 4686–4695 (2009). This learn about shows that MHC class II expression on mast cells is precipitated by means of TLR agonists and IFNγ, and can support the activation of effector T cells and T Reg cells but now not that of naive T cells.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

21

Razin, E. et al. Interleukin 3: A differentiation and enlargement factor for the mouse mast cell that comprises chondroitin sulfate E proteoglycan. J. Immunol. 132, 1479–1486 (1984).

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

22

Tkaczyk, C., Villa, I., Peronet, R., David, B. & Mecheri, S. FcεRI-mediated antigen endocytosis turns interferon-gamma-treated mouse mast cells from inefficient into potent antigen-presenting cells. Immunology 97, 333–340 (1999).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

23

Yoshimoto, T. et al. Basophils give a contribution to TH2-IgE responses in vivo via IL-4 production and presentation of peptide-MHC class II complexes to CD4+ T cells. Nature Immunol. 10, 706–712 (2009). References 3, 4 and 23 show that basophils express MHC class II and present antigens to T cells to promote T H 2-type responses.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

24

Hammad, H. et al. Inflammatory dendritic cells—no longer basophils—are important and enough for induction of Th2 immunity to inhaled space dust mite allergen. J. Exp. Med. 207, 2097–2111 (2010). This find out about argues that FcεRI-expressing DCs and no longer basophils are accountable for antigen presentation based on HDM allergen.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

25

Phythian-Adams, A. T. et al. CD11c depletion seriously disrupts Th2 induction and building in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 207, 2089–2096 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

26

Gong, J. et al. The antigen presentation function of bone marrow-derived mast cells is spatiotemporally restricted to a subset expressing excessive ranges of cell surface FcεRI and MHC II. BMC Immunol. 11, 34 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

27

Gaudenzio, N. et al. Cell-cell cooperation at the T helper cell/mast cell immunological synapse. Blood 114, 4979–4988 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

28

Ito, T. et al. Roles of PU.1 in monocyte- and mast cell-specific gene regulation: PU.1 transactivates CIITA pIV in cooperation with IFN-γ. Int. Immunol. 21, 803–816 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

29

Lu, L. F. et al. Mast cells are crucial intermediaries in regulatory T-cell tolerance. Nature 442, 997–1002 (2006).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

30

Eller, Ok. et al. IL-Nine manufacturing via regulatory T cells recruits mast cells that are essential for regulatory T cell-induced immune suppression. J Immunol. 186, 83–91 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

31

Maurer, D. et al. Fcε receptor I on dendritic cells delivers IgE-bound multivalent antigens into a cathepsin S-dependent pathway of MHC class II presentation. J. Immunol. 161, 2731–2739 (1998).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

32

Shin, J. S., Shelburne, C. P., Jin, C., LeFurgey, E. A. & Abraham, S. N. Harboring of particulate allergens inside secretory compartments by mast cells following IgE/FcεRI-lipid raft-mediated phagocytosis. J. Immunol. 177, 5791–5800 (2006).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

33

Tkaczyk, C. et al. Specific antigen concentrated on to surface IgE and IgG on mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells enhances potency of antigen presentation. Immunology 94, 318–324 (1998).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

34

Dvorak, A. M., Newball, H. H., Dvorak, H. F. & Lichtenstein, L. M. Antigen-induced IgE-mediated degranulation of human basophils. Lab Invest. 43, 126–139 (1980).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

35

Ishizaka, T. & Ishizaka, Ok. Immunological occasions at the floor of basophil granulocytes and mast cells which induce degranulation. Scand. J. Respir. Dis. Suppl. 98, 13–22 (1977).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

36

Arinobu, Y., Iwasaki, H. & Akashi, Ok. Origin of basophils and mast cells. Allergol Int. 58, 21–28 (2009).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

37

Arinobu, Y. et al. Developmental checkpoints of the basophil/mast cell lineages in adult murine hematopoiesis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102, 18105–18110 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

38

Voehringer, D., Shinkai, K. & Locksley, R. M. Type 2 immunity displays orchestrated recruitment of cells committed to IL-4 production. Immunity 20, 267–277 (2004).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

39

Min, B. et al. Basophils produce IL-4 and collect in tissues after an infection with a Th2-inducing parasite. J. Exp. Med. 200, 507–517 (2004).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

40

Gessner, A., Mohrs, K. & Mohrs, M. Mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils acquire constitutive IL-4 and IL-Thirteen transcripts right through lineage differentiation that are enough for rapid cytokine manufacturing. J. Immunol. 174, 1063–1072 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

41

Karasuyama, H., Mukai, Okay., Tsujimura, Y. & Obata, Ok. Newly discovered roles for basophils: a ignored minority positive factors new recognize. Nature Rev. Immunol. 9, 9–13 (2009).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

42

Sokol, C. L., Barton, G. M., Farr, A. G. & Medzhitov, R. A mechanism for the initiation of allergen-induced T helper type 2 responses. Nature Immunol. 9, 310–318 (2007).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

43

Tsujimura, Y. et al. Basophils play a pivotal function in immunoglobulin-G-mediated but no longer immunoglobulin-E-mediated systemic anaphylaxis. Immunity 28, 581–589 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

44

Le Gros, G., Ben-Sasson, S. Z., Seder, R., Finkelman, F. D. & Paul, W. E. Generation of interleukin 4 (IL-4)-producing cells in vivo and in vitro: IL-2 and IL-4 are required for in vitro generation of IL-4-producing cells. J. Exp. Med. 172, 921–929 (1990).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

45

Swain, S. L., Weinberg, A. D., English, M. & Huston, G. IL-Four directs the construction of Th2-like helper effectors. J. Immunol. 145, 3796–3806 (1990).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

46

Else, K. J., Finkelman, F. D., Maliszewski, C. R. & Grencis, R. Ok. Cytokine-mediated law of power intestinal helminth infection. J. Exp. Med. 179, 347–351 (1994).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

47

Cohn, L., Homer, R. J., Marinov, A., Rankin, J. & Bottomly, Ok. Induction of airway mucus production By T helper 2 (Th2) cells: a essential role for interleukin Four in cell recruitment however now not mucus manufacturing. J. Exp. Med. 186, 1737–1747 (1997).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

48

Min, B. Th2 immunity: a step closer to finishing touch. Immunol. Cell Biol. 88, 235 (2010).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

49

Hida, S., Tadachi, M., Saito, T. & Taki, S. Negative regulate of basophil enlargement via IRF-2 crucial for the regulation of Th1/Th2 stability. Blood 106, 2011–2017 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

50

Oh, Ok., Shen, T., Le Gros, G. & Min, B. Induction of Th2 type immunity in a mouse device reveals a novel immunoregulatory function of basophils. Blood 109, 2921–2927 (2007).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

51

Allenspach, E. J., Lemos, M. P., Porrett, P. M., Turka, L. A. & Laufer, T. M. Migratory and lymphoid-resident dendritic cells cooperate to efficiently top naive CD4 T cells. Immunity 29, 795–806 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

52

Mack, M. et al. Identification of antigen-capturing cells as basophils. J. Immunol. 174, 735–741 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

53

Tang, H. et al. The T helper kind 2 reaction to cysteine proteases requires dendritic cell-basophil cooperation by the use of ROS-mediated signaling. Nature Immunol. 11, 608–617 (2010). This find out about argues that basophils are vital for papain-induced T H 2 cell responses no longer for his or her APC function however for his or her effects on DCs.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

54

Merad, M. et al. Langerhans cells renew in the pores and skin right through existence beneath steady-state prerequisites. Nature Immunol. 3, 1135–1141 (2002).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

55

Bursch, L. S. et al. Identification of a novel population of Langerin+ dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 204, 3147–3156 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

56

Ginhoux, F. et al. Blood-derived dermal langerin+ dendritic cells survey the pores and skin in the regular state. J. Exp. Med. 204, 3133–3146 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

57

Poulin, L. F. et al. The dermis accommodates langerin+ dendritic cells that develop and serve as independently of epidermal Langerhans cells. J. Exp. Med. 204, 3119–3131 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

58

Ohnmacht, C. et al. Basophils orchestrate persistent allergic dermatitis and protective immunity against helminths. Immunity 33, 364–374 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

59

Sullivan, B. M. et al. Genetic research of basophil function in vivo. Nature Immunol. 12, 527–535 (2011).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

60

Otsuka, A. et al. Basophils are required for the induction of Th2 immunity to haptens and peptide antigens. Nature Commun. 4, 1739 (2013).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

61

Eckl-Dorna, J. et al. Basophils are no longer the key antigen-presenting cells in allergic patients. Allergy 67, 601–608 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

62

Kitzmuller, C. et al. Human blood basophils do not act as antigen-presenting cells for the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1. Allergy 67, 593–600 (2012). References 61 and Sixty two were the first studies to propose that basophils may now not act as APCs in the atmosphere of human allergy.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

63

Sharma, M. et al. Circulating human basophils lack the options of professional antigen presenting cells. Sci. Rep. 3, 1188 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

64

Charles, N., Hardwick, D., Daugas, E., Illei, G. G. & Rivera, J. Basophils and the T helper 2 setting can promote the development of lupus nephritis. Nature Med. 16, 701–707 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

65

Voskamp, A. L., Prickett, S. R., Mackay, F., Rolland, J. M. & O'Hehir, R. E. MHC class II expression in human basophils: induction and lack of useful significance. PLoS ONE 8, e81777 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

66

Foster, P. S., Hogan, S. P., Ramsay, A. J., Matthaei, Ok. I. & Young, I. G. Interleukin 5 deficiency abolishes eosinophilia, airways hyperreactivity, and lung damage in a mouse asthma model. J. Exp. Med. 183, 195–201 (1996).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

67

Collins, P. D., Marleau, S., Griffiths-Johnson, D. A., Jose, P. J. & Williams, T. J. Cooperation between interleukin-Five and the chemokine eotaxin to induce eosinophil accumulation in vivo. J. Exp. Med. 182, 1169–1174 (1995).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

68

Hogan, S. P., Koskinen, A. & Foster, P. S. Interleukin-Five and eosinophils induce airway harm and bronchial hyperreactivity throughout allergic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice. Immunol. Cell Biol. 75, 284–288 (1997).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

69

Sabin, E. A., Kopf, M. A. & Pearce, E. J. Schistosoma mansoni egg-induced early IL-4 manufacturing is determined by IL-Five and eosinophils. J. Exp. Med. 184, 1871–1878 (1996).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

70

Hogan, S. P. et al. Eosinophils: organic houses and position in well being and illness. Clin. Exp. Allergy 38, 709–750 (2008).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

71

Shinkai, Okay., Mohrs, M. & Locksley, R. M. Helper T cells control type-2 innate immunity in vivo. Nature 420, 825–829 (2002).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

72

Jacobsen, E. A. et al. Allergic pulmonary inflammation in mice is dependent on eosinophil-induced recruitment of effector T cells. J. Exp. Med. 205, 699–710 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

73

Walsh, E. R. et al. Strain-specific requirement for eosinophils in the recruitment of T cells to the lung all through the building of allergic bronchial asthma. J. Exp. Med. 205, 1285–1292 (2008).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

74

Fulkerson, P. C. et al. A central regulatory role for eosinophils and the eotaxin/CCR3 axis in chronic experimental allergic airway irritation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 16418–16423 (2006).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

75

Hansel, T. T. et al. Sputum eosinophils from asthmatics categorical ICAM-1 and HLA-DR. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 86, 271–277 (1991). This is the first study to show that sputum however no longer blood eosinophils from a big percentage of patients with bronchial asthma express HLA-DR.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

76

Mengelers, H. J. et al. Immunophenotyping of eosinophils recovered from blood and BAL of allergic asthmatics. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 149, 345–351 (1994).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

77

Beninati, W. et al. Pulmonary eosinophils express HLA-DR in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 92, 442–449 (1993).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

78

Hansel, T. T. et al. Induction and function of eosinophil intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and HLA-DR. J. Immunol. 149, 2130–2136 (1992).

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

79

Mawhorter, S. D., Kazura, J. W. & Boom, W. H. Human eosinophils as antigen-presenting cells: relative efficiency for superantigen- and antigen-induced CD4+ T-cell proliferation. Immunology 81, 584–591 (1994).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

80

Celestin, J. et al. IL-Three induces B7.2 (CD86) expression and costimulatory process in human eosinophils. J. Immunol. 167, 6097–6104 (2001).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

81

Shi, H. Z., Humbles, A., Gerard, C., Jin, Z. & Weller, P. F. Lymph node trafficking and antigen presentation via endobronchial eosinophils. J. Clin. Invest. 105, 945–953 (2000). This is the first find out about to turn that mouse eosinophils from antigen-sensitized airlines express MHC class II and will reinforce T cell activation.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

82

Shi, H. Z. et al. Endobronchial eosinophils preferentially stimulate T helper cell type 2 responses. Allergy 59, 428–435 (2004).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

83

Duez, C. et al. Migration and accumulation of eosinophils towards regional lymph nodes after airway allergen problem. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 114, 820–825 (2004).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

84

van Rijt, L. S. et al. Airway eosinophils acquire in the mediastinal lymph nodes however lack antigen-presenting doable for naive T cells. J. Immunol. 171, 3372–3378 (2003).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

85

Tamura, N. et al. Requirement of CD80 and CD86 molecules for antigen presentation by means of eosinophils. Scand. J. Immunol. 44, 229–238 (1996).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

86

Del Pozo, V. et al. Eosinophil as antigen-presenting cell: activation of T cell clones and T cell hybridoma by eosinophils after antigen processing. Eur. J. Immunol. 22, 1919–1925 (1992).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

87

Wang, H. B., Ghiran, I., Matthaei, K. & Weller, P. F. Airway eosinophils: allergic inflammation recruited professional antigen-presenting cells. J. Immunol. 179, 7585–7592 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

88

Akuthota, P., Melo, R. C., Spencer, L. A. & Weller, P. F. M. H. C. Class II and CD9 in human eosinophils localize to detergent-resistant membrane microdomains. Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. 46, 188–195 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

89

Handzel, Z. T. et al. Eosinophils bind rhinovirus and turn on virus-specific T cells. J. Immunol. 160, 1279–1284 (1998).

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

90

MacKenzie, J. R., Mattes, J., Dent, L. A. & Foster, P. S. Eosinophils advertise allergic disease of the lung by way of regulating CD4+ Th2 lymphocyte serve as. J. Immunol. 167, 3146–3155 (2001).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

91

Padigel, U. M. et al. Eosinophils act as antigen-presenting cells to induce immunity to Strongyloides stercoralis in mice. J. Infect. Dis. 196, 1844–1851 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

92

Jacobsen, E. A. et al. Eosinophil actions modulate the immune/inflammatory character of allergic breathing responses in mice. Allergy 69, 315–327 (2014).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

93

Denkers, E. Y., Butcher, B. A., Del Rio, L. & Bennouna, S. Neutrophils, dendritic cells and Toxoplasma. Int. J. Parasitol. 34, 411–421 (2004).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

94

Abi Abdallah, D. S., Egan, C. E., Butcher, B. A. & Denkers, E. Y. Mouse neutrophils are professional antigen-presenting cells programmed to instruct Th1 and Th17 T-cell differentiation. Int. Immunol. 23, 317–326 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

95

Fanger, N. A. et al. Activation of human T cells by primary histocompatability advanced class II expressing neutrophils: proliferation in the presence of superantigen, however now not tetanus toxoid. Blood 89, 4128–4135 (1997). This learn about shows that human neutrophils can categorical MHC class II after stimulation with GM-CSF and IFNγ, and can toughen superantigen-mediated but not peptide-mediated T cell activation.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

96

Yamamoto, S. et al. Cutting edge: Pseudomonas aeruginosa abolishes established lung transplant tolerance by way of stimulating B7 expression on neutrophils. J. Immunol. 189, 4221–4225 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

97

Serbina, N. V., Salazar-Mather, T. P., Biron, C. A., Kuziel, W. A. & Pamer, E. G. TNF/iNOS-producing dendritic cells mediate innate immune protection in opposition to bacterial infection. Immunity 19, 59–70 (2003).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

98

Matsushima, H. et al. Neutrophil differentiation into a novel hybrid population exhibiting twin phenotype and capability of neutrophils and dendritic cells. Blood 121, 1677–1689 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

99

Hepworth, M. R. & Sonnenberg, G. F. Regulation of the adaptive immune system by means of innate lymphoid cells. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 27C, 75–82 (2014).

100

Withers, D. R. et al. Cutting edge: lymphoid tissue inducer cells maintain reminiscence CD4 T cells inside of secondary lymphoid tissue. J. Immunol. 189, 2094–2098 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

101

Lane, P. J., Gaspal, F. M., McConnell, F. M., Withers, D. R. & Anderson, G. Lymphoid tissue inducer cells: pivotal cells in the evolution of CD4 immunity and tolerance? Front. Immunol. 3, 24 (2012).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

102

Hepworth, M. R. et al. Innate lymphoid cells keep an eye on CD4+ T-cell responses to intestinal commensal micro organism. Nature 498, 113–117 (2013). This is the first learn about to indicate that ILC3s in the gut control CD4+ T cell responses to commensal bacteria thru MHC class II expression.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

103

von Burg, N. et al. Activated crew 3 innate lymphoid cells advertise T-cell-mediated immune responses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 12835–12840 (2014). This learn about presentations that ILC3s stimulated with IL-1β specific MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, and can stimulate naive CD4+ T cell activation.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

104

Korn, L. L. et al. Conventional CD4+ T cells keep watch over IL-22-producing intestinal innate lymphoid cells. Mucosal Immunol. 7, 1045–1057 (2014).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

105

Neill, D. R. et al. Nuocytes represent a new innate effector leukocyte that mediates type-2 immunity. Nature 464, 1367–1370 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

106

Mirchandani, A. S. et al. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells drive CD4+ Th2 cell responses. J. Immunol. 192, 2442–2448 (2014).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

107

Oliphant, C. J. et al. MHCII-mediated conversation between group 2 innate lymphoid cells and CD4+ T cells potentiates kind 2 immunity and promotes parasitic helminth expulsion. Immunity 41, 283–295 (2014). This is the first learn about to turn that ILC2s specific MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules, and can toughen peptide-mediated naive CD4+ T cell activation.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

108

Ko, H. S., Fu, S. M., Winchester, R. J., Yu, D. T. & Kunkel, H. G. Ia determinants on stimulated human T lymphocytes. Occurrence on mitogen- and antigen-activated T cells. J. Exp. Med. 150, 246–255 (1979).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

109

Evans, R. L. et al. Peripheral human T cells sensitized in combined leukocyte culture synthesize and categorical Ia-like antigens. J. Exp. Med. 148, 1440–1445 (1978).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

110

LaSalle, J. M., Tolentino, P. J., Freeman, G. J., Nadler, L. M. & Hafler, D. A. Early signaling defects in human T cells anergized by T cell presentation of autoantigen. J. Exp. Med. 176, 177–186 (1992). This is the first study to fully signify the doable of human CD4+ T cells to anergize other CD4+ T cells thru antigen presentation.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

111

Costantino, C. M., Spooner, E., Ploegh, H. L. & Hafler, D. A. Class, I. I. MHC self-antigen presentation in human B and T lymphocytes. PLoS ONE 7, e29805 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

112

Card, C. M., Yu, S. S. & Swartz, M. A. Emerging roles of lymphatic endothelium in regulating adaptive immunity. J. Clin. Invest. 124, 943–952 (2014).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

113

Cohen, J. N. et al. Lymph node-resident lymphatic endothelial cells mediate peripheral tolerance by way of Aire-independent direct antigen presentation. J. Exp. Med. 207, 681–688 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

114

Fletcher, A. L. et al. Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells at once provide peripheral tissue antigen underneath steady-state and inflammatory conditions. J. Exp. Med. 207, 689–697 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

115

Lee, J. W. et al. Peripheral antigen show by lymph node stroma promotes T cell tolerance to intestinal self. Nature Immunol. 8, 181–190 (2007).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

116

Tewalt, E. F. et al. Lymphatic endothelial cells induce tolerance by the use of PD-L1 and lack of costimulation leading to high-level PD-1 expression on CD8 T cells. Blood 120, 4772–4782 (2012).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

117

Gardner, J. M. et al. Extrathymic Aire-expressing cells are a distinct bone marrow-derived inhabitants that induce useful inactivation of CD4+ T cells. Immunity 39, 560–572 (2013). This find out about means that some APCs termed LNSCs are in fact a bone marrow-derived inhabitants of cells that induce T cell anergy.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

118

Malhotra, D. et al. Transcriptional profiling of stroma from inflamed and resting lymph nodes defines immunological hallmarks. Nature Immunol. 13, 499–510 (2012). This transcriptional analysis dissects which LNSCs can and do express MHC class II that is inducible by inflammatory indicators.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

119

Dubrot, J. et al. Lymph node stromal cells acquire peptide-MHCII complexes from dendritic cells and induce antigen-specific CD4+ T cell tolerance. J. Exp. Med. 211, 1153–1166 (2014). This paper means that LNSCs categorical endogenous MHC class II molecules and can also acquire peptide–MHC class II complexes from DCs.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

120

Hughes, C. C., Savage, C. O. & Pober, J. S. Endothelial cells increase T cell interleukin 2 production by means of a contact-dependent mechanism involving CD2/LFA-Three interplay. J. Exp. Med. 171, 1453–1467 (1990).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

121

Lechler, R. I. & Batchelor, J. R. Restoration of immunogenicity to passenger cell-depleted kidney allografts by way of the addition of donor strain dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 155, 31–41 (1982).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

122

Lakkis, F. G., Arakelov, A., Konieczny, B. T. & Inoue, Y. Immunologic 'ignorance' of vascularized organ transplants in the absence of secondary lymphoid tissue. Nature Med. 6, 686–688 (2000).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

123

Shiao, S. L., McNiff, J. M. & Pober, J. S. Memory T cells and their costimulators in human allograft injury. J. Immunol. 175, 4886–4896 (2005).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

124

Shiao, S. L. et al. Human effector memory CD4+ T cells immediately recognize allogeneic endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. J. Immunol. 179, 4397–4404 (2007). References 123 and 124 are two of many articles from the Pober laboratory examining the function of MHC class II+ endothelial cells as APCs throughout graft acceptance or rejection. Many of the articles from this laboratory read about the mechanisms for exciting memory however not naive CD4+ T cells.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

125

Fan, L. et al. Antigen presentation by means of keratinocytes directs autoimmune pores and skin disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 3386–3391 (2003).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

126

Mulder, D. J. et al. Antigen presentation and MHC class II expression by means of human esophageal epithelial cells: role in eosinophilic esophagitis. Am. J. Pathol. 178, 744–753 (2011).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

127

Sanderson, I. R., Ouellette, A. J., Carter, E. A., Walker, W. A. & Harmatz, P. R. Differential regulation of B7 mRNA in enterocytes and lymphoid cells. Immunology 79, 434–438 (1993).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

128

Framson, P. E., Cho, D. H., Lee, L. Y. & Hershberg, R. M. Polarized expression and serve as of the costimulatory molecule CD58 on human intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology 116, 1054–1062 (1999).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

129

Nakazawa, A. et al. Functional expression of costimulatory molecule CD86 on epithelial cells in the inflamed colonic mucosa. Gastroenterology 117, 536–545 (1999).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

130

Kaiserlian, D., Vidal, Okay. & Revillard, J. P. Murine enterocytes can provide soluble antigen to specific class II-restricted CD4+ T cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 19, 1513–1516 (1989).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

131

Buning, J. et al. Antigen targeting to MHC class II-enriched late endosomes in colonic epithelial cells: trafficking of luminal antigens studied in vivo in Crohn's colitis sufferers. FASEB J. 20, 359–361 (2006).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

132

Bland, P. W. & Warren, L. G. Antigen presentation through epithelial cells of the rat small intestine. I. Kinetics, antigen specificity and blockading by means of anti-Ia antisera. Immunology 58, 1–7 (1986).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

133

Mayer, L. & Shlien, R. Evidence for serve as of Ia molecules on intestine epithelial cells in man. J. Exp. Med. 166, 1471–1483 (1987). References 130, 132 and 133 are among the first manuscripts to display that IECs express MHC class II and provide protein antigen to CD4+ T cell hybridomas.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

134

Hershberg, R. M. et al. Intestinal epithelial cells use two distinct pathways for HLA class II antigen processing. J. Clin. Invest. 100, 204–215 (1997).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

135

Hershberg, R. M. et al. Highly polarized HLA class II antigen processing and presentation by human intestinal epithelial cells. J. Clin. Invest. 102, 792–803 (1998).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

136

Westendorf, A. M. et al. CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell enlargement triggered through antigen-driven interplay with intestinal epithelial cells self reliant of native dendritic cells. Gut 58, 211–219 (2009).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

137

Maggio-Price, L. et al. Lineage centered MHC-II transgenic mice exhibit the position of dendritic cells in bacterial-driven colitis. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 19, 174–184 (2013).

Google Scholar 

138

Thelemann, C. et al. Interferon-γ induces expression of MHC class II on intestinal epithelial cells and protects mice from colitis. PLoS ONE 9, e86844 (2014).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

139

Cruickshank, S. M., McVay, L. D., Baumgart, D. C., Felsburg, P. J. & Carding, S. R. Colonic epithelial cell mediated suppression of CD4 T cell activation. Gut 53, 678–684 (2004).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

140

Ward, H. E. & Nicholas, T. E. Alveolar variety I and kind II cells. Aust. N. Z. J. Med. 14, 731–734 (1984).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

141

Fehrenbach, H. Alveolar epithelial kind II cell: defender of the alveolus revisited. Respir. Res. 2, 33–46 (2001).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

142

Strunk, R. C., Eidlen, D. M. & Mason, R. J. Pulmonary alveolar variety II epithelial cells synthesize and secrete proteins of the classical and selection supplement pathways. J. Clin. Invest. 81, 1419–1426 (1988).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

143

Gereke, M., Jung, S., Buer, J. & Bruder, D. Alveolar type II epithelial cells present antigen to CD4+ T cells and induce Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 179, 344–355 (2009).

Article  Google Scholar 

144

Kreisel, D. et al. Cutting edge: MHC class II expression by means of pulmonary nonhematopoietic cells performs a important function in controlling local inflammatory responses. J. Immunol. 185, 3809–3813 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

145

Steinman, R. M. Dendritic cells: figuring out immunogenicity. Eur. J. Immunol. 37, S53–S60 (2007).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

146

McDevitt, H. O. & Sela, M. Genetic regulate of the antibody reaction. I. Demonstration of determinant-specific variations in line with synthetic polypeptide antigens in two strains of inbred mice. J. Exp. Med. 122, 517–531 (1965).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

147

McDevitt, H. O. et al. Genetic keep watch over of the immune response. Mapping of the IR-1 locus. J. Exp. Med. 135, 1259–1278 (1972).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

148

Grumet, F. C. & McDevitt, H. O. Genetic control of the immune response. Relationship between the immune response-1 gene(s) and individual H-2 antigenic specificities. Transplantation 13, 171–173 (1972).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

149

Zinkernagel, R. M. & Doherty, P. C. Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis inside a syngeneic or semiallogeneic device. Nature 248, 701–702 (1974).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

150

Banchereau, J. & Steinman, R. M. Dendritic cells and the keep watch over of immunity. Nature 392, 245–252 (1998).

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

151

Mosier, D. E. A demand for 2 cell types for antibody formation in vitro. Science 158, 1573–1575 (1967).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

152

Steinman, R. M. & Cohn, Z. A. Identification of a singular cell form in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. I. Morphology, quantitation, tissue distribution. J. Exp. Med. 137, 1142–1162 (1973).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

153

Steinman, R. M. & Witmer, M. D. Lymphoid dendritic cells are potent stimulators of the primary mixed leukocyte reaction in mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 75, 5132–5136 (1978).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

154

Blum, J. S., Wearsch, P. A. & Cresswell, P. Pathways of antigen processing. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 31, 443–473 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

155

Van Niel, G. et al. Intestinal epithelial exosomes raise MHC class II/peptides able to tell the immune system in mice. Gut 52, 1690–1697 (2003). This find out about suggests that IECs might generate immunologically lively exosomes.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

156

Thery, C. et al. Indirect activation of naive CD4+ T cells by dendritic cell-derived exosomes. Nature Immunol. 3, 1156–1162 (2002). This is one of the first articles demonstrating that exosomes might give a contribution to CD4+ T cell activation.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

157

Thery, C. et al. Molecular characterization of dendritic cell-derived exosomes. Selective accumulation of the warmth surprise protein Hsc73. J. Cell Biol. 147, 599–610 (1999).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

158

Mallegol, J., van Niel, G. & Heyman, M. Phenotypic and practical characterization of intestinal epithelial exosomes. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 35, 11–16 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

159

Mallegol, J. et al. T84-intestinal epithelial exosomes endure MHC class II/peptide complexes potentiating antigen presentation by way of dendritic cells. Gastroenterology 132, 1866–1876 (2007).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

PPT - Immune Response to Biomaterials PowerPoint ...

PPT - Immune Response to Biomaterials PowerPoint ...

Transplantation Tolerance

Transplantation Tolerance

B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity | Microbiology: Health ...

B Lymphocytes and Humoral Immunity | Microbiology: Health ...

Specialized functions of NKG2D ligands in polarized ...

Specialized functions of NKG2D ligands in polarized ...

Immune System and Immunity Guide for HSC Biology - TutorPro

Immune System and Immunity Guide for HSC Biology - TutorPro

Mhc gene - the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a ...

Mhc gene - the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a ...

PPT - Acquired Immunity: Humoral & Cell-Med. PowerPoint ...

PPT - Acquired Immunity: Humoral & Cell-Med. PowerPoint ...

MHC class II - wikidoc

MHC class II - wikidoc

Presentation of peptides containing L265P mutations as T ...

Presentation of peptides containing L265P mutations as T ...

Schematic representation of bacterial toxins active on the ...

Schematic representation of bacterial toxins active on the ...

Microglia | Wiki | Everipedia

Microglia | Wiki | Everipedia

PPT - Chapter 31 Opener PowerPoint Presentation, free ...

PPT - Chapter 31 Opener PowerPoint Presentation, free ...

| NOD2 signaling pathways. (A) At sites of bacterial entry ...

| NOD2 signaling pathways. (A) At sites of bacterial entry ...

Anatomy And Physiology Archive | March 04, 2018 | Chegg.com

Anatomy And Physiology Archive | March 04, 2018 | Chegg.com

Which of the following is true regarding MHC Class I ...

Which of the following is true regarding MHC Class I ...

PPT - B Cell Response PowerPoint Presentation - ID:6833647

PPT - B Cell Response PowerPoint Presentation - ID:6833647

Immune response. The function of the immune system depends ...

Immune response. The function of the immune system depends ...

Autophagy

Autophagy

This flow chart shows the steps in digestion of ...

This flow chart shows the steps in digestion of ...

Pathology - immune system

Pathology - immune system

Adaptive immunity

Adaptive immunity

0 komentar:

Posting Komentar